Primer

Support these videos on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/primerlearning
Store: https://store.dftba.com/collections/primer

More on voting theory:
- Interactive by Nicky Case: https://ncase.me/ballot/
-  Interactive by Paretoman: https://www.smartvotesim.com/
- The best single resource I found: https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/D6trAzh6DApKPhbv4/a-voting-theory-primer-for-rationalists

Organizations that advocate for voting reform:
- Team Approval: https://electionscience.org/
- Team Instant Runoff: https://www.fairvote.org/

For discussion and updates
- Discord: https://discord.gg/NbruaNW
- Reddit: r/primerlearning
- Twitter: @primerlearning
- Facebook: facebook.com/primerlearning

Streaming myself working on these monstrosities:
- Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/primerjustin

This video is presented under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. More at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Made with Unity
https://github.com/Helpsypoo/PrimerUnity

Music by Mathieu Keith. For business inquiries: mathieu.keith@gmail.com

Several other inputs into the graphics are from public domain contributions to blendswap.com

Thanks to supporters on Patreon, especially:
Zachariah Richard Fournier
Vladimir Duchenchuk
Noah Healy
José Hamilton
Matthijs Ruijgrok
Christopher
Sam Shaw
Anthony Eufemio
JMakes
Kairui Wang
Marcial Abrahantes
Luc Cedric R.
Erik Broeders
Anders Fjeldvær
Ghost Goat
Jérôme Graf
Roy Steves
Mike Schmidt
PeepPhysics
Eric Helps
Sean Barker
Tamas Gombkoto
Ben Kamens
Ben Komalo
Josh White
Aymeric Duigou--Majumdar
Christy Serbus
Rikard Eide
Wyatt Nelson
3blue1brown
Bas Velner
Sam Van Cise
Kevin Holesh
Anselm Eickhoff
Will Robinson
Daniel Schramm
Jason Prado
Elliot Press
Jeff
Garrett
Talon Howitt
Paul Straw
Brian Cloutier
Mitchell Douglass
Daniel Kjellevold Steinsland
Michael Wang
Frank Lin
Jason Louro
Edono Dondolo
Chris
Alex Garber
ALoneCoder
Krum Valkov
Matthäus Pawelczyk
Nicky Case
Ben McGill
Lee Berman
Lotus
DanSoc
Tengou
OuroCat
Jacob Luedecke
ketura
Julien
Kevo
Alexander Mantzoukas
abledbody
Jorge Arroyo
Chad Fertig
sunny ho
Ravi Jayanti
Gabriele Siino
Jay
Darrien Kennedy
Alba Caparros-Roissard
Juan Camilo Chaparro
Jeff Linse
Timothy Furman
Clinton Soll
AlecZero

Simulating alternate voting systems

In this video, we see how mutations can lead from simple replicators to complex organisms. The third in a series on evolution.

Made with Blender and python.

More on RNA as the first replicator: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_world

Special thanks to supporters on Patreon, especially:
Jordan Scales
世珉 匡
Eric Helps
Ben Kamens
Christy Serbus

Support Primer on Patreon: 
https://www.patreon.com/primerlearning

For discussion and updates
- Discord: https://discord.gg/NbruaNW
- Reddit: r/primerlearning
- Twitter: @primerlearning
- Facebook: facebook.com/primerlearning

Streaming myself working on these monstrosities:
- Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/primerjustin

License information:
Creative Commons 4.0 (CC-BY-NC). More info at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Speaking of attribution:

The 3D bunny model comes from the Stanford Computer Graphics Laboratory: http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/3Ds...

The music is "Summer Days" by Kai Engel, distributed under a CC-BY-NC license via the Free Music Archive. http://freemusicarchive.org/music/Kai_Engel/The_Scope/Kai_Engel_-_The_Scope_-_03_Summer_Days

Several other inputs into the graphics are from public domain contributions to https://www.blendswap.com.

Mutations and the First Replicators

Brilliant: http://www.brilliant.org/primer

Papers:
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/41910312_Altruism_Spite_and_Greenbeards
- https://www.reed.edu/biology/professors/srenn/pages/teaching/2007_syllabus/2007_readings/a13_Keller_1998.pdf

For discussion and updates
- Discord: https://discord.gg/NbruaNW
- Reddit: r/primerlearning
- Twitter: @primerlearning

Sometimes streaming myself working on these monstrosities:
- Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/primerjustin

This video is presented under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. More at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Made with Unity
https://github.com/Helpsypoo/PrimerUnity

Music by Mathieu Keith. For business inquiries: mathieu.keith@gmail.com

Several other inputs into the graphics are from public domain contributions to blendswap.com

Plush blobs and other merch: https://store.dftba.com/collections/primer
Support these videos on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/primerlearning

Made possible by support through Patreon:
abledbody
Alba Caparros-Roissard
AlecZero
Alex Garber
ALoneCoder
Anders Fjeldvær
Andrew Lang
Angela Tam
Anselm Eickhoff
Anthony Eufemio
Aymeric Duigou--Majumdar
Ben Kamens
Ben Komalo
Ben McGill
Brian Cloutier
Christian Gruber
Christopher
Christy Serbus
cooper
Cowit
Daniel Kjellevold Steinsland
Daniel Schramm
Darrien Kennedy
Edono Dondolo
Eric Helps
Erik Broeders
Fabian Aisenbrey
Flavio Kindler
Gabriele Siino
Garrett
Ghost Goat
Guguke
Jacob Luedecke
Jason Prado
Jason Singh
Jeff
Jeff Linse
Jeremy
JMakes
John Shaffstall
Johnny Vaughan
Jon Mundle
Jorge Arroyo
José Hamilton
Josh White
Juan Camilo Chaparro
Kairui Wang
ketura
Kevin Holesh
Kevo
Krum Valkov
Lotus
Luc Cedric R.
Lunchbag Rodriguez
Marcial Abrahantes
Matt Welke
Matthäus Pawelczyk
Matthijs Ruijgrok
Melvin Sowah
Michael Wang
Mike Schmidt
Nicky Case
Noah Healy
OuroCat
Paul Straw
Ravi Jayanti
Ride To Vote
Rikard Eide
Roy Steves
Sam Shaw
Sam Van Cise
Sean Barker
sunny ho
Sven Le Moine Bauer
Talon Howitt
Tengou
Timothy Furman
Vladimir Duchenchuk
Will Robinson
William Holz
Wyatt Nelson
Zachariah Richard Fournier
3blue1brown

Simulating Green Beard Altruism

Thanks to supporters on Patreon, especially:
Jordan Scales
Kairui Wang
Eric Helps
Ben Kamens
Ben Komalo
Christy Serbus
Sean Barker
Rikard Eide
Wyatt Nelson
Aurélien Géron
Patrick Foster

Send market signals by supporting Primer on Patreon! 
https://www.patreon.com/primerlearning

For discussion and updates
- Discord: https://discord.gg/NbruaNW
- Reddit: r/primerlearning
- Twitter: @primerlearning
- Facebook: facebook.com/primerlearning

Streaming myself working on these monstrosities:
- Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/primerjustin

This video is presented under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. More at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Made with Blender and python. 
- Github: https://github.com/Helpsypoo/primer

Speaking of attribution:
- The music is "Divider" by Chris Zabriskie, distributed under a CC-BY license via Free Music Archive.
- Several other inputs into the graphics are from public domain contributions to blendswap.com

Simulating Supply and Demand

Thanks to Dr Rohin Francis of Medlife Crisis and Dr Rishi Desai of Osmosis for their feedback.
More info on GiveDirectly
- https://www.givedirectly.org/
- https://www.givewell.org/charities/give-directly

Interactive COVID-19 simulations from Nicky Case and epidemiologist Marcel Salathé:
- https://ncase.me/covid-19

More on logistic growth
- 3Blue1Brown, also regarding disease spread: https://youtu.be/Kas0tIxDvrg
- Primer, regarding carrying capacity: https://youtu.be/uRTtlpD_U54
- Khan Academy, modeling biology with calculus: https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-bc/bc-differential-equations-new/bc-7-9/v/modeling-population-with-differential-equations

Ways to support Primer
- Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/primerlearning
- Store: https://store.dftba.com/collections/primer

For discussion and updates
- Discord: https://discord.gg/NbruaNW
- Reddit: r/primerlearning
- Twitter: @primerlearning
- Facebook: facebook.com/primerlearning

Streaming myself working on these monstrosities:
- Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/primerjustin

This video is presented under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. More at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Made with Unity
Thanks to Same Van Cise and Sebastian Lague for helping me learn Unity. You can find some of their work here:
- https://vancisesam.com/
- https://www.youtube.com/user/Cercopithecan 

Music by Mathieu Keith. For business inquiries: mathieu.keith@gmail.com

Several other inputs into the graphics are from public domain contributions to blendswap.com

Thanks to supporters on Patreon, especially:
José Hamilton
Noah Healy
Vladimir Duchenchuk
Zachariah Richard Fournier
Jordan Scales
Anders Fjeldvær
Erik Broeders
Ghost Goat
Jérôme Graf
Kairui Wang
Luc Cedric R.
Marcial Abrahantes
Thomas Roggina
Bas Velner
Eric Helps
Leonardo Kluppel
Sean Barker
Tamas Gombkoto
Ben Kamens
Ben Komalo
Josh White
Tudor Lincu
Aymeric Duigou--Majumdar
Charly Cardeño
3blue1brown
abledbody
Alex Beardsley
Alex Garber
Alexander Mahone
Alexander Mantzoukas
ALoneCoder
Anselm Eickhoff
Ben McGill
Brian Cloutier
Chad Fertig
Chris
Christy Serbus
Colin Winhall
Daniel Kjellevold Steinsland
Daniel Schramm
DanSoc
Edono Dondolo
Elliot Press
Frank Lin
Garrett F
Jacob Luedecke
Jason Louro
Jason Prado
Jeff
Jorge Arroyo
Julien
Kataklyst
ketura
Kev O.
Kevin Holesh
Krum Valkov
Lee Berman
Lotus
Martin Obretenov
Matthäus Pawelczyk
Max Kaye
Michael Jones
Michael Wang
Mitchell Douglass
Nicky Case
Paul Straw
Philippe Panzini
Ramon Leon
Ravi Jayanti
Rikard Eide
Ryan Mahuron
Sam Van Cise
sunny ho
Talon Howitt
Tengou
ThePotatoGuy
Will Robinson
Wyatt Nelson

Epidemic, Endemic, and Eradication Simulations

There is an interactive simulation: https://labs.minutelabs.io/evolution-simulator
And an overview video of that simulator: https://youtu.be/6nMo8T3T0L4

A few places to learn more about evolution and natural selection:
https://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/misconceptions_faq.php
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/her
Any intro biology text you might have access to.

Special thanks to supporters on Patreon, especially:
Jordan Scales
Eric Helps
Ben Kamens
Ben Komalo
Christy Serbus
Sean Barker

Support Primer on Patreon: 
https://www.patreon.com/primerlearning

For discussion and updates
- Discord: https://discord.gg/NbruaNW
- Reddit: r/primerlearning
- Twitter: @primerlearning
- Facebook: facebook.com/primerlearning

Streaming myself working on these monstrosities:
- Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/primerjustin

This video is presented under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. More at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Made with Blender and python. 
Github: https://github.com/Helpsypoo/primer

The music is "Investigations" by Kevin MacLeod, distributed under a CC-BY license via incompetech.com.

Several other inputs into the graphics are from public domain contributions to https://www.blendswap.com.

Simulating Natural Selection

Support Primer on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/primerlearning
Check out 3Blue1Brown: https://www.youtube.com/c/3blue1brown

Books that inspired this video and have more information:
- The Selfish Gene, Richard Dawkins, https://amzn.to/2LpffQl
- An Introduction to Behavioral Ecology, https://amzn.to/2YspPQz
(If you decide to buy one of these books, doing so through one of these links helps support the channel)

Thanks to supporters on Patreon, especially:
Vladimir Duchenchuk, Victor Anne, Noah Healy, Zachariah Richard Fournier, Patrick Gorrell, Jordan Scales, Jacob Maes, Kairui Wang, Josh Levent, StackAbuse.com, Marcial Abrahantes, Feimeng Zheng, Eric Helps, Sean Barker, Leonardo Kluppel, Tamas Gombkoto, Ben Kamens, Ben Komalo, Victor Moisescu, Alexander Mahone, Bjarke, Aurélien Géron, Daniel Giavedoni, Jeff, Jason Prado, Ryan Mahuron, Laura Picard, Anselm Eickhoff, Christy Serbus, 3blue1brown, Paul Straw, Roy Steves, Max Kaye, Elliot Press, ThePotatoGuy, Kevin Holesh, Talon Howitt, Mitchell Douglass, Sam Van Cise, Rikard Eide, Garrett F, Brian, Daniel Schramm, Wyatt Nelson, Mr_Chimick 

For discussion and updates
- Discord: https://discord.gg/NbruaNW
- Reddit: r/primerlearning
- Twitter: @primerlearning
- Facebook: facebook.com/primerlearning

Streaming myself working on these monstrosities:
- Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/primerjustin

This video is presented under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License. More at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Made with Blender and python. 
- Github: https://github.com/Helpsypoo/primer

The music is "A Song of Doves and Hawks" donated by Mathieu Keith. For business inquiries: mathieu.keith@gmail.com

Several other inputs into the graphics are from public domain contributions to blendswap.com

Simulating the Evolution of Aggression

Resource limits bend exponential curves into S-shaped logistic curves. The fourth in a series on evolution.

Made with Blender and python. 
Github: https://github.com/Helpsypoo/primer

Special thanks to supporters on Patreon, especially:
Jordan Scales
世珉 匡
Eric Helps
Ben Kamens
Christy Serbus
Sean Barker

Support Primer on Patreon: 
https://www.patreon.com/primerlearning

For discussion and updates
- Discord: https://discord.gg/NbruaNW
- Reddit: r/primerlearning
- Twitter: @primerlearning
- Facebook: facebook.com/primerlearning

Streaming myself working on these monstrosities:
- Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/primerjustin

More on logistic growth on Khan Academy:
https://www.khanacademy.org/math/ap-calculus-bc/bc-differential-equations-new/bc-7-9/v/modeling-population-with-differential-equations
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/high-school-biology/hs-ecology/hs-population-ecology/v/exponential-and-logistic-growth-in-populations

License information:
Creative Commons 4.0 (CC-BY-NC). More info at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Speaking of attribution:

The 3D bunny model comes from the Stanford Computer Graphics Laboratory: http://graphics.stanford.edu/data/3Ds...

The music is "Summer Days" by Kai Engel, distributed under a CC-BY-NC license via the Free Music Archive. http://freemusicarchive.org/music/Kai_Engel/

Several other inputs into the graphics are from public domain contributions to https://www.blendswap.com.