Welcome to my three part lecture on shader coding for game devs 💖 I hope you'll find this useful in your game dev journey!

If you are enjoying this series, please consider supporting me on Patreon!
🧡 https://www.patreon.com/acegikmo

00:00:00 - What are shaders?
00:03:00 - Case study/screenshots from FFXIV, Overwatch & more
00:37:42 - The Structure of a Shader
00:42:49 - Vertex shader
00:47:09 - Fragment shader
00:49:32 - Shader vs Material
00:51:29 - A first look at shader code
01:02:17 - Vertex Normals
01:06:17 - Interpolators
01:15:59 - Data types (fixed vs half vs float)
01:21:32 - Fragment shader output
01:24:31 - Swizzling
01:33:48 - Passing data from vertex shader to fragment shader
01:42:04 - Space transformation w. Matrices
01:47:07 - UV coordinates & manipulation
01:53:34 - Gradients
02:01:06 - Values outside of 0 to 1
02:09:20 - Triangle waves using math
02:12:04 - Preprocessor constants
02:25:28 - Pattern manipulation
02:31:48 - Blending Modes
02:39:42 - Depth buffer & depth testing (ZTest)
02:56:40 - Waves, ripples & vertex offsetting
03:12:07 - Textures
03:20:33 - World space coordinates
03:28:04 - Texture masking
03:37:33 - Isotropic mip maps
03:42:17 - Anisotropic mip maps
03:44:36 - Point vs bilinear vs trilinear filtering
03:49:54 - Final questions

Project Download & Assignments: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1h_7O9n5-q8Kb-rhnMJyF4Tab6i3lH97E4Ykn7tsP-zc

Originally streamed as a course for students at http://futuregames.se/, who were super kind to let me both stream this live as well as upload it here! so massive thanks to the people at FutureGames!!

💖 Patreon ❱ https://www.patreon.com/acegikmo
🐦 Twitter ❱ https://twitter.com/FreyaHolmer
📺 Twitch ❱ https://www.twitch.tv/acegikmo
💬 Discord ❱ https://discord.gg/v5VWuga
🌸 Instagram ❱ https://instagram.com/freya_holmer

✫ Video Production by Higher Vision:
➥ https://twitter.com/HigherVision1
➤ Edited by Stelly: https://twitter.com/stelly47050876

Shader Basics, Blending & Textures • Shaders for Game Devs [Part 1]

We had a fun 3-hour discussion covering some of the basics of how a video game draws pixels on the screen, when it's a 3D renderer. There's a lot more to know than this, but it's a start!

How 3D video games do graphics.

In this video, we start with an interesting animation of blobby objects which we introduce as metaballs. There's a lot of surprisingly intricate ideas behind making these objects render on a screen. We'll see how folks in computer graphics attempted to solve this problem through a really elegant algorithm called marching squares. Marching squares is a really powerful algorithm that allows you to render any implicit function. But what's even more impressive in my opinion is the many clever shifts in perspective that allowed a vague problems such as this one to be transformed into a clear, well-defined, and solvable problem.

0:00 Introduction
3:29 Circles and Ellipses
4:57 Defining the Problem
6:00 A Guessing Game
8:29 Contours around Two Points
10:35 Sampling The Space
12:32 Breaking Down Cases
15:00 A Clever Optimization
17:20 How Marching Squares Works
18:59 Parallel Marching Squares
20:21 How Do Metaballs Work?
24:59 Marching Cubes
25:58 Some Parting Thoughts

References/Additional Resources:
http://jamie-wong.com/2014/08/19/metaballs-and-marching-squares/ - the initial inspiration for the framework of this video, great introduction to metaballs and how they can be rendered using marching squares.

http://www.geisswerks.com/ryan/BLOBS/blobs.html  - great resource on implementing metaballs and some of the physics inspirations behind implicit functions

Original Marching cubes paper: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/202232897_Marching_Cubes_A_High_Resolution_3D_Surface_Construction_Algorithm 

Sebastian Lague Video on Marching Cubes:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M3iI2l0ltbE

Further reading on polynomial approximations of metaball implicit functions:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/242914163_Data_Structure_for_Soft_Objects

Implementation Help for Marching Cubes
http://paulbourke.net/geometry/implicitsurf/ 

Excellent lecture by Casey Muratori about Marching Cubes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SDS5gLSiLg0&t=978s

https://courses.lumenlearning.com/physics/chapter/19-4-equipotential-lines/ - some of the physics behind equipotential lines in electric fields

Support: https://www.patreon.com/reducible
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Reducible20

This video wouldn't be possible without the open source library manim created by 3blue1brown and maintained by Manim Community.
The Manim Community Developers. (2021). Manim – Mathematical Animation Framework (Version v0.11.0) [Computer software]. https://www.manim.community/

Here is link to the repository that contains the code used to generate the animations in this video: https://github.com/nipunramk/Reducible

All music in the video is from Aakash Gandhi

How Computers Draw Weird Shapes (Marching Squares)

The maths behind rounding procedural shapes with SDFs. 
Support this channel: https://www.patreon.com/inigoquilez

Tutorials on maths , art, SDFs and computer graphics: http://iquilezles.org

Donate: http://paypal.me/inigoquilez
Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/c/inigoquilez
Support: https://www.patreon.com/inigoquilez
Twitter: https://twitter.com/iquilezles
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/inigo.quilez

Soundtrack by Khrome:  https://www.facebook.com/KhromeMusic

Rounding Corners in SDFs

How to create a simple heart with mathematics.
Support this channel: https://www.patreon.com/inigoquilez

Code and real-time version: https://www.shadertoy.com/view/4lK3Rc
Tutorials on maths , art, SDFs and computer graphics: http://iquilezles.org

Donate: http://paypal.me/inigoquilez
Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/c/inigoquilez
Support: https://www.patreon.com/inigoquilez
Twitter: https://twitter.com/iquilezles
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/inigo.quilez

Making a heart with Maths

Keep exploring at https://brilliant.org/TheCherno/ Get started for free, and hurry—the first 200 people get 20% off an annual premium subscription. AMAZING place to learn all the math you'll need for this series!

Support on Patreon ► https://patreon.com/thecherno
Discord (#raytracing-series) ► https://discord.gg/thecherno
Source code ► https://github.com/TheCherno/RayTracing

🧭 FOLLOW ME
Instagram ► https://instagram.com/thecherno
Twitter ► https://twitter.com/thecherno
Twitch ► https://twitch.tv/thecherno

Learn C++ with my series ► https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18c3MTX0PK0&list=PLlrATfBNZ98dudnM48yfGUldqGD0S4FFb

📚 RESOURCES (in order of complexity)
🟢 Ray Tracing in One Weekend series ► https://raytracing.github.io
🟡 Scratch a Pixel ► https://scratchapixel.com
🔴 Physically Based Rendering: From Theory to Implementation ► https://amzn.to/3y2bGK7

💾 SOFTWARE you'll need installed to follow this series
Visual Studio 2022 ► https://visualstudio.microsoft.com
Git ► https://git-scm.com/downloads
Vulkan SDK ► https://vulkan.lunarg.com

CHAPTERS
0:00 - What is Path Tracing?
10:46 - Preparing for accumulation
14:18 - Accumulating samples

Welcome to the exciting new Ray Tracing Series! Ray tracing is very common technique for generating photo-realistic digital imagery, which is exactly what we'll be doing in this series. Aside from learning all about ray tracing and the math to goes into it, as well as how to implement it, we'll also be focusing on performance and optimization in C++ to make our renderer as efficient as possible. We'll eventually switch to using the GPU instead of the CPU (using Vulkan) to run our ray tracing algorithms, as this will be much faster that using the CPU. This will also be a great introduction to leveraging the power of the GPU in the software you write. All of the code episode-by-episode will be released, and if you need help check out the raytracing-series channel on my Discord server. I'm really looking forward to this series and I hope you are too! ❤️

This video is sponsored by Brilliant.

#RayTracing

Path Tracing // Ray Tracing series

Welcome to the first episode in a series on creating a simple character in Blender. (http://blender.org)

Download reference images:
http://i.imgur.com/7LPDejZ.jpg (front)
http://i.imgur.com/Bjfeafn.jpg (side)

Download blender file:
http://www.blendswap.com/blends/view/77613

If you're struggling with this tutorial, try this series instead: https://youtu.be/ocLZNRasU64?list=PLFt_AvWsXl0djuNM22htmz3BUtHHtOh7v

FAQ:
Q: My background images won't show up after dragging them in.
A: Ensure that your view is properly aligned (press 1 on numpad to set view from front). You also need to be in orthographic (as opposed to perspective) view. You can toggle between ortho and perspective with 5 on the numpad. If, for whatever reason, simply dragging the images in does not work for you, you can also add them manually by pressing 'n' to open the properties panel, navigating to the 'Background Images' section near the bottom, and pressing "Add Image".

Q: Pressing the numbers only changes frame/layer.
A: You need to press the numbers on the numpad (as opposed to the top row of numbers). If your keyboard does not have a numpad, go into preferences and in the input tab check 'emulate numpad'.

If you'd like to support these videos, you can make a recurring monthly donation (cancellable at any time) through Patreon: http://bit.ly/sebPatreon
Or a once-off donation through PayPal:
http://bit.ly/SupportGamedevTutorials

Blender Character Creation: Modelling

Today we are painting a cartoon character using mathematics.
Support this channel by subscribing or joining my Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/inigoquilez

This is the link to the real-time rendering code (that you can edit yourself live) for the painting: https://www.shadertoy.com/view/WsSBzh
 
Links I mentioned in the video I'd leave here:
* Raymarching: https://iquilezles.org/articles/raymarchingdf
* SDF of a Line Segment: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMltMdi1Wzg
* Smoothstep: https://youtu.be/bdICU2uvOdU?t=3423
* SDF of a Rounded Box: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=62-pRVZuS5c

Donate: http://paypal.me/inigoquilez
Subscribe: https://www.youtube.com/c/inigoquilez
Support: https://www.patreon.com/inigoquilez
Twitter: https://twitter.com/iquilezles
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/inigo.quilez

0:00 Sculpting basic shape
3:45 Blocking basic lighting
6:20 Sculpting face
8:50 Painting face colors
11:38 Eyes
12:55 Face animation
14:58 Hair
16:15 Makeup
17:00 Hoodie
18:42 Background
19:46 Bridge
20:58 Trees
22:22 Finishing
23:21 Conclusion

Music by Bent Stamnes (https://twitter.com/gloom303)